Species list
This list is compiled from existing records and studies of species in the wider Ferncliffe area as well as our own observations. It’s a work in progress.
We want to complete comprehensive baseline studies of species in the area, but need funding for this purpose. Would you like to undertake a study, or help with a count? Please get in touch!
Common name | Scientific name | Historically recorded here | First project record | Seen by who | Last project record | Seen by who | Conservation status | Distribution | |||||||||||
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Alien species | |||||||||||||||||||
Bugweed | Solanum mauritianum | Yes | A well-established alien species that has long invaded stream banks and slopes throughout the area. | CC/JS | The plant remains established and will take years to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Ink-berry | Cestrum Laevigatum | Yes | A well-established alien species that has long invaded stream banks throughout the area. | CC/JS (Connor Cullinan/Janine Stephen) | 2022: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Kahili ginger lily | Hedychium gardnerianum | Yes | Well-established upon project launch in 2021, and at least a decade prior. | CC | 2022: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Lantana | Lantana camara | Yes | A well-established alien species that has choked ravines and open areas. | CC/JS | 2022: The plant remains established and will take years to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Mauritius thorn | Caesalpinia decapetala | Yes | Well-established upon project launch in 2021, and at least a decade prior. | CC | 2023: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Birds | |||||||||||||||||||
African Black Duck | Anas sparsa | Yes | An occasional individual is seen on the Top Dam. | CC (Connor Cullinan) | After the first rains, September 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | From South Africa to Ethiopia, but populations decreasing | |||||||||||
African Emerald Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx cupreus | Yes | 24/03/2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | 23/11/2021 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
African Firefinch | Lagonosticta rubricata | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | September 2022, very active and regularly seen in the open. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
African Fish Eagle | Haliaeetus vocifer | Yes | Two bird calling above the ridge and displaying. September / October 2021 | CC/JS | Calling from snag near Dell, Feb 2022; seen at the Top Dam for the first time February 2023. | CC | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
African Goshawk | Accipiter tachiro | Yes | 06/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
African Harrier-hawk | Polyboroides typus | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
African Hoopoe / Common hoopoe | Upupa epops | Yes | Not a forest bird, seen in neighbouring gardens, 2022. | Connor Cullinan | 2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across continents | |||||||||||
African Olive Pigeon or Rameron Pigeon | Columba arquatrix | Yes | 08/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
African Palm-swift | Cypsiurus parvus | Yes | Regular sightings | CC/JS | Regular sightings | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across Africa | |||||||||||
African Paradise Flycatcher | Terpsiphone viridis | Yes | Spring 2021 | CC | Summer 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Amethyst Sunbird | Chalcomitra amethystina | Yes | 28/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Bar-throated Apalis | Apalis thoracica | Yes | 29/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Barn Swallow | Hirundo rustica | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||||
Black-backed Puffback | Dryoscopus cubla | Yes | May 2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Black-backed Puffback | Dryoscopus cubla | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | From Kenya to South Africa | |||||||||||
Black-collared Barbet | Lybius torquatus | Yes | Resident | CC/JS | 12/03/2022 | JS | Least Concern (LC) | Southern and eastern Africa | |||||||||||
Black Cuckoo | Cuculus clamosus | Yes | Summer migrant, seen November 2021 | Connor Cullinan | Still present March 2022 | Connor Cullinan | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Black Cuckooshrike | Campephaga flava | Yes | May 2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Black-headed Oriole | Oriolus larvatus | Yes | Resident | CC/JS | 20/03/2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Southern Africa to Ethiopia | |||||||||||
Black Saw-wing | Psalidoprocne pristoptera | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Black Sparrowhawk | Accipiter melanoleucus | Yes | November 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||||
Blue-mantled Crested Flycatcher | Trochocercus cyanomelas | Yes | Seen in Glade in May 2021 | Vanessa Stephen | 15/03/2022 | Janine Stephen | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Bronze Mannikin | Spermestes cucullata | Yes | 07/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Brown-hooded Kingfisher | Halcyon albiventris | Yes | 24/06/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Cape Batis | Batis capensis | Yes | 08/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique | ||||||||||||||
Cape Robin-Chat | Cossypha caffra | Yes | 25/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Cape White-eye | Zosterops virens | Yes | 24/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Chorister Robin-chat | Cossypha dichroa | Yes | 07/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Endemic to South Africa and Swaziland | ||||||||||||||
Collared Sunbird | Hedydipna collaris | Yes | 27/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Common Fiscal | Lanius collaris | Yes | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||||||
Common Moorhen | Gallinula chloropus | Yes | 2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | 2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | |||||||||||
Common Waxbill | Estrilda astrild | Yes | Seen regularly near firebreak | Connor Cullinan | 21/08/2021 | JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Crowned Eagle | Stephanoaetus coronatus | Yes | 08/06/2021 | Near Threatened (NT) | |||||||||||||||
Dark-capped Bulbul | Pycnonotus tricolor | Yes | March 2022. Common residents. | CC/JS | Seen year round 2022. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Southern Africa | |||||||||||
Egyptian Goose | Alopochen aegyptiaca | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Geese attempting to raise goslings on Top Dam in September 2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Forest Buzzard | Buteo trizonatus | Yes | In 2015/2016 by Connor and myself | Near Threatened (NT) | |||||||||||||||
Green-backed Camaroptera | Camaroptera brachyura | Yes | 29/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Green Twinspot | Mandingoa nitidula | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||||
Grey Cuckooshrike | Ceblepyris caesia / Coracina caesia | Yes | Seen near the stonemason's cottage in December 2022 | Connor Cullinan | December 2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Grey Heron | Ardea cinerea | 10/08/2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | The same individual has since been seen a few times at both the Top and Lower Dams (last seen September 2022). | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||
Hadeda Ibis | Bostrychia hagedash | Yes | 29/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Klaas’s Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx klaas | Yes | Summer 2021 | CC/JS | Summer 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Knysna Turaco | Tauraco corythaix | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | Fairly regular visitors to the pilot sites, especially when Quinine/loquart/guava trees fruiting. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Endemic to South Africa | |||||||||||
Lesser Honeyguide | Indicator minor | Yes | 2021. Seen in Allophylus next to house. | CC/JS | 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Lesser Striped Swallow | Cecropis abyssinica | Yes | 2021 built half nest under house eaves | CC/JS | Summer 2022, completed nest, three offspring | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Little Rush Warbler | Bradypterus baboecala | Heard in 2022 | CC/JS | Heard 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Much of Sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||
Long-crested Eagle | Lophaetus occipitalis | Yes | March 2021 | CC/JS (Connor Cullinan/Janine Stephen) | April 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Natal Francolin | Pternistis natalensis | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | January 2023. | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern South Africa to Zambia | |||||||||||
Olive Bushshrike | Chlorophoneus olivaceus | Yes | May 2021 | Vanessa Stephen | September 2022. A pair in the Pomegranate grove feeding on caterpillars | JS | Least Concern (LC) | South Africa, Eswatini, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi | |||||||||||
Olive Sunbird | Cyanomitra olivacea | Yes | March 2021 | CC/JS | September 2022. There are resident birds dueting and gathering spiderwebs | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Olive Thrush | Turdus olivaceus | Yes | March 2021 | CC/JS | December 2022. They are active in the Glade | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique | |||||||||||
Olive Woodpecker | Dendropicos griseocephalus | Yes | Around house 2021 | CC/JS | 10/12/2022 | JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Purple-crested Turaco | Tauraco porphyreolophus | Yes | A regular visitor. | CC/JS | 21/11/2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Purple Heron | Ardea purpurea | 21/08/2022 | Connor Cullinan | Seen a few times following this in August / September, but not more recently. | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | ||||||||||||
Red-backed Mannikin | Spermestes bicolor nigriceps (Lonchura nigriceps) | Yes | Resident in garden or immediate surrounds | CC/JS (Connor Cullinan/Janine Stephen) | March 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Red-chested Cuckoo | Cuculus solitarius | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | Summer 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Summer migrant from central Africa | |||||||||||
Red-eyed Dove | Streptopelia semitorquata | Yes | March 2021 | CC/JS | A common resident on the forest margin. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Sombre Greenbul | Andropadus importunus | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | February 2023 | JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Southern Boubou | Laniarius major | Yes | 17/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Southern Double-collared Sunbird | Cinnyris manoensis | Yes | 28/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Endemic to South Africa and southern border of Namibia | ||||||||||||||
Striated Heron (Green-backed Heron) | Butorides striata | 11/12/2021 | Connor Cullinan | Individual in reeds for some months until water level rose considerably. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | ||||||||||||
Terrestrial Brownbul | Phyllastrephus terrestris | Yes | Groups regularly seen and heard around the Glade and in riverine areas. | Connor Cullinan | 15/03/2022 | Connor Cullinan and David Johnson | Least Concern (LC) | Southern Africa to Kenya and Ethiopia | |||||||||||
Violet-backed Starling | Cinnyricinclus leucogaster | Yes | Least Concern (LC) | Much of Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||||||
White-bellied Sunbird | Cinnyris talatala | Yes | 27/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
White-starred Robin | Pogonocichla stellata | Yes | 26/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
African Wood Owl | Strix woodfordii | Yes | 06/08/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Invertebrates | |||||||||||||||||||
African Leaf Butterfly | Junonia tugela tugela | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | January 2023 | CC/JS | Forest Edges, KZN Midlands to Swaziland, Mpumalanga, Limpopo | ||||||||||||
Bark Mantids | Tarachodidiae | Yes | |||||||||||||||||
Black-haired Bush Brown | Bicyclus safitza safitza | Yes | Summer 2021 | Connor Cullinan | February 2023 | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | Least Concern (LC) | KZN north into Limpopo. | |||||||||||
Brownish keeled millipede | Rhopaloskelus terreus | Endemic to KwaZulu-Natal | |||||||||||||||||
Bush Beauty / Forest Beauty | Paralethe dendrophilus | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | February 2023 | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | Forest edge, Eastern Cape, KZN, into Limpopo. SA & Swaziland only. | ||||||||||||
CMR Blister Beetle | Hycleus oculatus | Yes | Summer 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Around March 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Common Bush Blue / Bush Bronze | Cacyreus lingeus | Yes | February 2023 | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | February 2023 | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | Least Concern (LC) | Afromontane, lowland and riverine forest edges. Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Creamstriped Owl | Cyligramma latona | 04/04/2022 | Connor Cullinan | 04/04/2022 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across Africa | ||||||||||||
Dingaan’s Slender Spined millipede | Spinotarsus dingaanus | Endemic. Only recorded in Ferncliffe Nature Reserve | |||||||||||||||||
Gaudy Commodore | Precis octavia sesamus | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | 2022 | CC/JS | Eastern Cape northwards. | ||||||||||||
Ghost-like keeled millipede | Gnomeskelus larvatus | Endemic. Only recorded in Ferncliffe Nature Reserve | |||||||||||||||||
Green-veined Emperor | Charaxes candiope | Yes | February 2023 | Mark Liptrot | February 2023 on a LepsocSA visit | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | Least Concern (LC) | Coastal, riverine, lowland and Afromontane forest in Southern Africa | |||||||||||
Kraus’s slender spined millipede | Spinotarsus krausi | Endemic. Only recorded in Ferncliffe Nature Reserve | |||||||||||||||||
Mocker Swallowtail | Papilio dardanus cenea | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | January 2023 | CC/JS | Widespread | ||||||||||||
Obscure keeled millipede | Gnomeskelus retrusus | Endemic. Only recorded in Ferncliffe Nature Reserve | |||||||||||||||||
Pearl Emperor | Charaxes varanes varanes | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | February 2023 | Steve Woodhall & Mark Liptrot | Eastern Cape up to Limpopo | ||||||||||||
Pietermaritzburg keeled millipede | Rhopaloskelus pietermaritzburgensis | Endemic. Only recorded in Ferncliffe Nature Reserve | |||||||||||||||||
Quekett’s Cannibal Snail | Natalina quekettiana | Data Deficient (DD) | Endemic to KwaZulu-Natal | ||||||||||||||||
Wahlberg’s Emperor Moth | Nudaurelia wahlbergi | Yes | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Mammals | |||||||||||||||||||
African Marsh Rat | Dasymys incomtus | Near Threatened (NT) | Largely endemic to KwaZulu-Natal. | ||||||||||||||||
Bushbuck | Tragelaphus scriptus | Yes | 27/06/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread in sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||||
Bushpig | Potamochoerus larvatus | Yes | 02/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern and southern Africa | ||||||||||||||
Cape Porcupine | Hystrix africaeaustralis | Yes | 20/05/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread in sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||||
Common or Grey Duiker | Sylvicapra grimmia | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread in sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||||||
Dark-footed Forest Shrew | Myosorex cafer | Yes | 2016 | Vulnerable (VU) | Endemic to KZN and the Eastern Cape (EWT) | ||||||||||||||
Four-striped Grass Mouse | Rhabdomys pumilio | Yes | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||||||
Geoffroy’s Horse-shoe Bat | Rhinolophus clivosus | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||||
Large spotted genet | Genetta tigrina | Yes | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||||||
Leopard | Panthera pardus | Leopard is on the species list for the area, but it's uncertain when one was last seen anywhere near the Reserve or Pilot Project area. | Vulnerable (VU) | Widespread in sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||||||
Rock dassie / Rock Hyrax | Procavia capensis | Yes | September 2021 | Biodiversity survey visit | Resident in the 1980/1990s in the Pilot Project Area, but disease left none. Saw a lone adult in February 2023 on trail to Boulder Dam. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across Africa in rocky habitat | |||||||||||
Schreiber’s Long-fingered Bat | Miniopterus schreibersii natalensis | Near Threatened (NT) | |||||||||||||||||
Slender Mongoose (Black-tipped Mongoose) | Herpestes sanguineus | 20/08/2022 | JS | Just one sighting to date | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across Africa | |||||||||||||
Temminck’s Hairy Bat | Myotis tricolor | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-saharan, east and (rarely) west and central Africa | ||||||||||||||||
Vervet Monkey | Cercopithecus aethiops | Yes | At least one troop visits the pilot area regularly. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||||
Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bat | Epomophorus wahlbergi | Yes | 01/07/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Water Mongoose | Atilax palundinosus | Yes | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||||||
Plants | |||||||||||||||||||
Aparagus Fern | Asparagus plumosus | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Common in shady pilot project areas | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | |||||||||||
Bugweed | Solanum mauritianum | Yes | A well-established alien species that has long invaded stream banks and slopes throughout the area. | CC/JS | The plant remains established and will take years to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Canary Creeper | Senecio tamoides | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | A common creeper here, spreads rapidly in cleared areas. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to Zimbabwe | |||||||||||
Cape Beech | Rapanea melanophloeos | Yes | 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | January 2023. We are planting this tree. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to central Africa | |||||||||||
Cape Chestnut | Calodendrum capense | Yes | Summer 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | We've seen trees in flower high on the ridge; none in pilot project areas to date | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to Ethiopia | |||||||||||
Cat’s Whiskers | Clerodendrum glabrum | Yes | 2022 | Allister Starke | Widespread at Ferncliffe; growing in and around the pilot site, especially where there isn't deep shade | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Common Forest Grape | Rhoicissus tomentosa | Yes | March 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | A climber often seen in the pilot project areas and forest. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to Tanzania | |||||||||||
Cross-berry | Grewia occidentalis | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | The trees grow in various locations at Ferncliffe. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | |||||||||||
False Assegai | Measa lanceolata | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | A few established trees grow in the pilot site areas. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga | |||||||||||
Forest Cabbage-tree | Cussonia sphaerocephala | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Many mature individuals on the ridge and some in the pilot areas. Seedlings present. | CC/JS | SA endemic (Eastern Cape to Mpumalanga) | ||||||||||||
Forest Croton | Croton sylvaticus | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Mature and young individuals present in pilot sites and mature forest | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | |||||||||||
Forest Elder | Nuxia floribunda | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to central Africa | ||||||||||||||||
Forest Fig | Ficus craterostoma | Eastern Cape to Tropical Africa | |||||||||||||||||
Forest Gardenia | Gardenia thunbergia | Yes | 2021, tree planted by Wildlands or UKZN project | CC/JS | No other individuals found as yet, but we are planting a few. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique. | |||||||||||
Forest Natal-mahogany | Trichilia dregeana | Only one tree seen to date in riverine forest. | Connor Cullinan and Sachin Daorsamy | We have planted additional specimens in a pilot area and will monitor these. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | ||||||||||||
Forest-peach | Rawsonia lucida | Yes | 2021 | Allister Starke | An understory tree present in the indigenous forest but not in the pilot site | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Forest Waterberry | Syzygium gerrardii | We are planting some individuals in the pilot areas. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | ||||||||||||||
Green Flower Tree / Poison Olive | Peddiea africana | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan & David Johnson | One tree in the pilot area; others in forest. A few seedlings. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | |||||||||||
Henkel’s Yellowwood | Podocarpus henkelii | Yes | 2021. We are planting this species. | CC/JS | Most felled in colonial times, a few planted or recruited since. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | South African endemic, most abundant in Eastern Cape and KZN | |||||||||||
Horsewood / Perdepis | Clausena anisata | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | A few individuals grow in the pilot project areas and seedlings are present | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to Tropical Africa | |||||||||||
Ink-berry | Cestrum Laevigatum | Yes | A well-established alien species that has long invaded stream banks throughout the area. | CC/JS (Connor Cullinan/Janine Stephen) | 2022: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Kahili ginger lily | Hedychium gardnerianum | Yes | Well-established upon project launch in 2021, and at least a decade prior. | CC | 2022: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Lantana | Lantana camara | Yes | A well-established alien species that has choked ravines and open areas. | CC/JS | 2022: The plant remains established and will take years to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Large-leaved dragon tree | Dracaena aletriformis | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Growing copiously in undisturbed forest areas and here and there in pilot sites | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo | |||||||||||
Mauritius thorn | Caesalpinia decapetala | Yes | Well-established upon project launch in 2021, and at least a decade prior. | CC | 2023: The plant remains established and will take time to eradicate. | CC/JS | Alien to South Africa | ||||||||||||
Natal milkplum | Englerophytum natalense | Yes | 2022 | Allister Starke | Largely an understory tree in the indigenous forest; not present in the pilot site | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | East and Southern Africa | |||||||||||
Paintbrush lily or Snake lily | Scadoxus puniceus | Yes | 03/04/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Southern and eastern Africa | ||||||||||||||
Pigeonwood | Trema orientalis | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan and Sachin Daorsamy | A few saplings and adults in pilot areas; we are planting this species. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa & Asia | |||||||||||
Pompon Tree | Dais cotinifolia | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | No trees found higher up the slopes as yet. We won't plant more in 2023. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to Zimbabwe | |||||||||||
Quinine tree | Rauvolfia caffra | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Enormous individuals grow in the Dell stream Pilot Project area | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | |||||||||||
Real Yellowwood | Podocarpus latifolius | Yes | 2021. A few scattered individuals survived colonial felling. | CC/JS | There are some mature individuals on the ridge. We are planting this species. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to Tanzania | |||||||||||
Red Currant | Searsia chirindensis | Yes | March 2021 | CC (Connor Cullinan) | The tree appears to be relatively common in the area. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread, Western Cape to central Africa | |||||||||||
Simple-leaved False-currant | Allophylus dregeanus | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | A well-represented understorey tree in the pilot project areas | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to KZN mistbelt and coast | |||||||||||
Sneezewood | Ptaeroxylon obliquum | We are planting this species. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape to tropical Africa | ||||||||||||||
Stinkwood / Black Stinkwood | Ocotea bullata | None found as yet. The project will plant some individuals. | CC/JS | 01/01/2023 | CC/JS | Endangered (EN) | SA endemic. Western Cape to Limpopo | ||||||||||||
Tree Fuchsia | Halleria lucida | Yes | 2021. | CC/JS | A common tree in the pilot project areas, growing fairly large. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to tropical Africa | |||||||||||
White Pear | Apodytes dimidiata | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | 2022 | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Western Cape to Ethiopia | |||||||||||
White Stinkwood | Celtis africana | Yes | 2021 | CC/JS | Mature and younger individuals are present in pilot project and mature forest sites | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Evergreen forest from the Western Cape to Ethiopia | |||||||||||
Wild Peach | Kiggelaria africana | Yes | Not seen in forest yet by ourselves | n/a | We are planting some individuals in a suitable pilot sites. (1st: March 2023) | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | ||||||||||||
Wild Plum | Harpephyllum caffrum | Yes | 19/05/2021 | ||||||||||||||||
Reptiles & Amphibians | |||||||||||||||||||
Boomslang | Dispholidus typus | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||||
Cape skink | Trachylepis capensis | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||||
Gutteral Toad | Sclerophrys gutturalis | Yes | May 2021 | Least Concern (LC) | |||||||||||||||
Natal Forest Tree Frog | Leptopelis natalensis | Yes | 29/05/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Endemic to KwaZulu-Natal and the northeastern part of the Eastern Cape. | ||||||||||||||
Puff adder | Bitis arietans | Yes | 15/06/2021 | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across Africa | ||||||||||||||
Water Lily Reed Frog | Hyperolius pusillus | Yes | Summer 2021 | Connor Cullinan and Frank Gaude | December 2022 | Kirsty Kyle / Connor Cullinan | Least Concern (LC) | Widespread across eastern Africa south of Somalia | |||||||||||
Trees | |||||||||||||||||||
Cat’s Whiskers | Clerodendrum glabrum | Yes | 2022 | Allister Starke | Widespread at Ferncliffe; growing in and around the pilot site, especially where there isn't deep shade | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Cross-berry | Grewia occidentalis | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | The trees grow in various locations at Ferncliffe. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Wide range | |||||||||||
False Assegai | Measa lanceolata | Yes | 2021 | Connor Cullinan | A few established trees grow in the pilot site areas. | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga | |||||||||||
Forest-peach | Rawsonia lucida | Yes | 2021 | Allister Starke | An understory tree present in the indigenous forest but not in the pilot site | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | Sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||
Natal milkplum | Englerophytum natalense | Yes | 2022 | Allister Starke | Largely an understory tree in the indigenous forest; not present in the pilot site | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) | East and Southern Africa | |||||||||||
Wild Peach | Kiggelaria africana | Yes | Not seen in forest yet by ourselves | n/a | We are planting some individuals in a suitable pilot sites. (1st: March 2023) | CC/JS | Least Concern (LC) |